Understanding AMD: The Leading Cause of Vision Loss
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of vision loss in individuals over 50 in developed nations like the United States. Early detection and treatment are vital, as delayed diagnosis can significantly impact visual function. AMD has two forms: dry and wet.
Types of AMD
Dry AMD
Characterized by drusen buildup (yellow deposits under the retina), dry AMD usually doesn’t cause severe vision loss unless it progresses to the wet form. Regular monitoring is crucial.
Wet AMD
Responsible for 90% of severe vision loss in AMD patients, wet AMD involves abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina. Symptoms include central vision deterioration, blind spots, and distorted vision.
Diagnosis & Classification
Precise diagnosis involves:
- Fluorescein angiography
- Ocular coherence tomography
- Color fundus photography
The location of neovascular lesions (subfoveal vs. non-subfoveal) determines the risk of vision loss.
Managing AMD: Dry vs. Wet
Dry AMD Management:
Currently, no proven interventions prevent or reverse dry AMD. However, the AREDS study suggests supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, beta carotene, zinc, and copper may reduce the risk of progression to advanced AMD.
Wet AMD Treatment Options:
- Anti-VEGF Injections: Intravitreal injections of medications like Lucentis (ranibizumab) or Avastin (bevacizumab) block abnormal blood vessel growth. These are often repeated monthly.
- Photodynamic Therapy: Verteporfin (Visudyne) is administered intravenously, followed by non-thermal laser treatment. Treatments are typically every 3 months, with light avoidance for 5 days post-procedure.
- Thermal Laser: May be used in s
Retina and Vitreous Surgeons of Utah: Your Partners in AMD Management
Early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans are key to preserving vision in AMD. Contact Retina and Vitreous Surgeons of Utah today to schedule a comprehensive eye exam and discuss your options.